| 3 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P R S T U V W X Y Z |
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| term |
description |
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| sakura |
a name which means "cherry blossom" in japanese. |
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| salomeja |
a lithuanian name, from the hebrew "shalom", meaning "peace", "peaceful". salomeja neris was one of lithuuania's most celebrated poets. |
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| salt glaze |
a glaze created during high-temperature firings. sodium, usually in the form of rock salt, is thrown into the kiln during firing to form a clear coating on the clay, often with an orange-peel texture. |
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| samogitia |
samogitia is located in the western part of the lithuania. before the formation of the lithuanian state, samogitia was ruled by local noblemen. although it became part of the grand duchy of lithuania in the 13th century, the samogitians held on to their independence, and even pursued an independent foreign policy during the rule of king mindaugas. samogitians were the last in lithuania, as well as in europe as a whole, to accept christianity in 1413.
in modern-day lithuania, samogitia is mainly associated with the ethnographic region and is not defined administratively.
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| san |
chinese name meaning "three". |
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| sandra |
lithuanian, italian and english name from the greek "aleksandros", meaning "protector of people". |
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| satu |
a name which means "fairy tale, fable" in finnish. |
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| saule |
meaning "sun" in lithuanian, saule is the name of the lithuanian sun goddess. |
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| savi |
plural form of the lithuanian word "savas", which means "one's own". |
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| screen print |
a printing technique where a stencil is fixed onto a mesh (originally silk). a thick ink is then forced through the screen onto the surface beneath. also known as a silkscreen. |
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| seija |
a name derived from the finnish "seijas", meaning "tranquil, serene". |
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| serena |
a name derived from the latin "serenus", meaning "clear, tranquil, serene". |
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| sevgi |
a turkish name which means "love". |
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| shamira |
a name which means "guardian, protector" in hebrew. |
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| shani |
a name which means "red" in hebrew. |
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| shikoba |
a native american name which means "feather" in choctaw.
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| sidonie |
french feminine form of "sidonius", a roman family name which meant "of sidon" in latin. sidon was an ancient phoenician city corresponding to modern-day saida in lebanon. |
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| signy |
a scandinavian name from norse mythology, derived from the element "sigr", meaning "victory", combined with "ný", meaning "new". |
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| sigrun |
an icelandic name derived from the old norse elements "sigr", meaning "victory", and "rún", meaning "secret". |
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| silkscreen |
a printing technique where a stencil is fixed onto a mesh (originally silk). a thick ink is then forced through the screen onto the surface beneath. also known as a screen print. |
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| silver bromide |
a variation of the silver gelatin print, the silver bromide print is printed on paper with a bromide silver emulsion. usually toned with copper, silver bromide prints range from reddish-purple, brown, or slate to warm blacks.
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| silver gelatin |
a black and white photograph printed on paper coated with an emulsion consisting of gelatin and silver halide crystals. this method is currently the most popular way to produce black and white photographs. |
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| silvina |
a lithuanian name which originates from the latin "silvia", meaning "dweller of the forest". |
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| simin |
an iranian name which means "silvery" in persian. |
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| simon |
from the greek form of the hebrew name שִׁמְעוֹן [shim'on] which meant "hearkening" or "listening". |
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| sindri |
an icelandic name which possibly means either "sparkling" in old norse. in norse legend this was the name of a dwarf who, with his brother, made many magical items for the gods.
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| sini |
a name which means "blue" in finnish ["sini" is a poetic term for the color blue]. |
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| sirpa |
a finnish name derived from the word "sirpale" - "small piece, fragment". |
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| skirgaila |
a lithuanian name meaning "to give strength", from the elements "skir-" ["to allot, to give"], and "gail- ["strong"]. |
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| skylar |
a name derived from the dutch surname "schuyler" which means "scholar". |
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| slab-built |
a term used for ceramic pieces which are constructed from a flat piece of clay, rather than objects which are wheel-thrown. clay slabs are cut to shape and joined together using slip clay. slabs can be draped over or into forms, rolled around cylinders or constructed into geometric forms. |
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| slip |
a mixture of clay and water used to cast ceramics, or to attach surface decorations or separately formed parts. |
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| slip casting |
a technique used in ceramics to produce a number of identical objects. slip (thinned clay) is poured into a mold (usually plaster) to create the desired form. this technique is most commonly used for faience and porcelain ware. also known as casting. |
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| slip clay |
a clay with sufficient fluidness to become a glaze when fired at high temperatures. |
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| slip glaze |
the glaze that is produced by firing a clay past its maturing temperature until it melts. |
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| smoky quartz |
a variety of natural quartz crystal, this gemstone is known for its unusual black-brown color. |
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| snieguole |
name derived from the lithuanian word "sniegas", meaning "snow". |
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| stained glass |
stained glass is colored by mixing pigments in the glass itself, by fusing colored metallic oxides onto the glass, or by painting and baking colors onto the surface. this term is also used to refer to artwork which is created using pieces of colored glass or glass that has been painted with liquid enamel/glaze and then fired. the pieces are then joined together into a composition using a lead strip, copper or cement.
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| stamping |
a technique for decorating ceramics where forms are pressed into the clay before firing for a decorative effect. |
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| stella |
this medieval name means "star", and was originally derived from the latin title of the virgin mary "stella maris", meaning "star of the sea". |
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| stencilling |
a technique where an image is cut away from a sheet of durable material, which can then be painted or dyed to mark the surface underneath with the cut-out image. |
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| stipple engraving |
an intaglio printing technique where the artist uses a fine series of dots, rather than lines, to create the image. |
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| stretched canvas |
a cloth of natural fibers (usually linen) stretched taut over a wooden frame as a surface for painting. stretched canvas is the traditional surface for oil paintings, and is also frequently used for acrylic paintings.
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| stribog |
in slavic mythology, stribog was the god of the wind, cold, ice and frost. |
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| sugar lift aquatint |
an intaglio printing technique where a mixture of sugar and ink is painted directly onto the plate. the plate is then varnished and left to dry. once it is dry, the plate is submerged in lukewarm water. the water penetrates the varnish and dissolves the sugar, leaving the metal plate exposed. the exposed area is then covered with aquatint and bitten to produce a print with a paint-like quality. |
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| sugilite |
sugilite [also known as luvulite] is a relatively rare pink to purple cyclosilicate mineral with the complex chemical formula: KNa2(Fe,Mn,Al)2Li3Si12O30. sugilite crystallizes in the hexagonal system with prismatic crystals. the crystals are rarely found and the form is usually massive. |
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| sumi |
japanese name meaning "clear, refined". |
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| sunil |
indian name meaning "very blue". in sanskrit "su" means "very" and "nila" means "dark blue". |
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| sunstone |
sunstone is a plagioclase feldspar, which when viewed from certain directions exhibits a brilliant spangled appearance; this has led to its use as a gemstone. it has been found in southern norway, and in some united states localities. it is the official gemstone of oregon.
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| surface printing |
a printing technique where the ink is transferred to paper from a flat surface. common types of surface printing are lithography and offset. also known as planography. |
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| sursum corda |
a latin versicle meaning "lift up your hearts". |
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| suvi |
a name which means "summer" in finnish. |
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| svajone |
a lithuanian name which means "dream". |
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| svajus |
short form of the lithuanian name "svajunas", which is derived from the lithuanian word "svajone", meaning "dream". |
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| svana |
short form of the icelandic name "svanhidur", a cognate of "swanhilda", which is derived from the germanic elements "swan" and "hild", meaning "battle". |
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| swarovski |
in 1892, daniel swarovski registered a patent for his machine, which allowed him to cut crystal with greater speed, precision and perfection than when cut manually. in 1895, he founded his company in the austrian alps and began what was to become one of the most renowned crystal production centers in history.
in the late 19th century, crystal was widely used to enhance formal evening wear, and this is where swarovski took off.
by mid 20th century, swarovski had gained worldwide recognition for the magnificent colors of its crystals. swarovski crystals are now used in home, fashion, and jewelry design.
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